Tensor Fasciae Lata: The tensor fasciae lata(TFL) is a small superficial muscle of the thigh which lies towards the anterior edge of the iliac crest. It is related to the gluteus maximus in function and structure and is continuous with the iliotibial tract, which attaches to the tibia. The muscle assists in maintaining the balance of the pelvis while running, standing, or walking.
Origin: Originates from the anterior iliac crest, connecting to the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS).
Insertion: It inserts into the iliotibial tract, which itself connects to the lateral condyle of the tibia.
Nerve Supply: Superior gluteal nerve. It’s originating from lumbar nerve 4, 5, and first sacral nerve(L4-S1) roots. It more provides gluteus muscle and medius muscles before piercing with innervation of tensor fasciae latae muscle.
Blood Supply:
Tensor fasciae latae muscle via the deep branch of the superior gluteal artery.
Ascending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery.
The superior gluteal vein which is a branch of the internal iliac veins serves as the venous drainage route for the Tensor fasciae latae muscle.
Function: Assists the gluteus medius and minimus in the abduction and medial rotation of the lower limb. It also performs a supportive role in the gait cycle.
- Tensor fasciae latae muscle is the prime mover in hip medial rotation and a weak hip abductor motion.
- It serves as an accessory muscle in abduction and flexion of the hip.
- Together with gluteus maximus and the iliotibial band, it further stabilizes the hip joint by holding the head of the femur in the acetabulum.
- The tensor of fasciae latae, together with the gluteus maximus contributes to the stability of the knee during extension and act as in partial flexion.
- As part of the iliotibial tract, it assists lateral rotation of the leg.
- Tensor fasciae latae muscle assist in walking by inferiorly tilting the ilium on the weight-bearing side, with the result an upward tilt of the contralateral of the hip. Thus, allowing the leg of the non-weight bearing hip to swing through without hitting the ground throughout the swing phase of the gait.
Muscles of the Lower Limb
