Arthritis is an inflammation that affects joints. Main symptoms are joint pain, stiffness and decreased the range of motion of the affected joints, which typically worsen with age. The most prevalent (common) types are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis in U.S.It’s developed in adults who are in the 40s or older. It’s additionally more prevalent in women and people who have a family history of the condition. However, it can occur at any age as a result of an injury or be associated with other joint-cognate conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout.
Osteoarthritis first affects the smooth cartilage lining of a joint. This makes the movement more difficult than customary, leading to pain and stiffness.
Once the cartilage lining commences to roughen and thin out, tendons and ligaments have to work harder. This can make the swelling and the formation of bony spurs called osteophytes.
A rigorous (severe) loss of cartilage can lead to bone rubbing on bone, altering the shape of the joint and coercing the bones out of their mundane(normal) position.
The most commonly affected joints are:
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is often commencing when a person is between 40 and 50 years old. Women are three times more liable to be affected than men.
Rheumatoid arthritis occurs when the immune system targets affected joints, then it leads to pain and swelling.
Rheumatoid arthritis occurs when the immune system targets affected joints, then it leads to pain and swelling.
The outer covering (synovium) of a joint is the first place to affected. Then it spread across the joint, leading to further swelling and transmutation in the joint’s shape. This may cause the break down the bone and cartilage also.
People with rheumatoid arthritis can additionally develop quandaries(problem) with other tissues and organs in their body.
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Other Types Of Arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis– is the long-term inflammatory condition that mainly affects the bones, muscles, and ligaments of the spine, leading to stiffness and joints fusing together. Other problems may involve the swelling of tendons, eye, large & small joints.
Cervical spondylosis – known as degenerative osteoarthritis, cervical spondylitis affects the joints of the neck, which can lead to pain, radiation pain in arm and stiffness.
Fibromyalgia – causes pain in the body’s muscles, ligaments & tendons.
Lupus – an autoimmune disorder that can be present with severe arthritis. Other features include skin rash, kidney problems, extreme photosensitivity, lung fibrosis hair loss, and constant joint pain.
Gout – a type of arthritis caused by an extravagant amount of uric acid in the body. This can be left in joints (customarily affecting the big toe) but may develop in any joint. It causes excruciating pain, redness, and swelling.
Psoriatic arthritis – an inflammatory joint condition that may affect people with psoriasis.
Enteropathic arthritis – a chronic form of inflammatory arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the two types known- ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Near about one in five people with Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis may develop enteropathic arthritis. The most affected areas inflammations are the peripheral joints(limb) and the spine.
Reactive arthritis – can cause inflammation of the joints, eyes, and urethra (the tube where urine passes through). It develops after an infection of the bowel, genital tract and less frequently, after a throat infection.
Secondary arthritis – this arthritis that can develop after a joint injury and sometimes it occurs many years afterward.
Polymyalgia rheumatic – a condition that virtually always affects people over 50 years, where the immune system causes muscle pain and stiffness, conventionally across the shoulders and tops of the legs. It can additionally cause joint inflammation.
Arthritis Symptoms
The symptoms will vary depending on the type of arthritis you have.
This is why it’s very important to have an accurate diagnosis if you have:
- Joint pain, tenderness, and stiffness
- Inflammation of the joints and around the joints
- Inflammation of the joints and around the joints
- Restricted kineticism(movement) of the joints
- Warm, red skin on affected joint
- Muscle wasting and weakness
Arthritis Treatment
No cure for arthritis, but many treatments that can help reduce the condition.
In case of osteoarthritis, medications are often prescribed, including the painkillers such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids and combination of
In very severe cases, the following surgical procedures may be recommended:
- Arthroplasty
- Arthrodesis (joint fusion)
- Osteotomy ( bone is cut and re-aligned)
Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis aims to decelerate the condition’s progress and minimize joint inflammation or swelling. And try to prevent damage to the joints. Recommended treatments include:
- Painkiller (analgesics)
- Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
- with a combination of
- Physiotherapy
- Daily exercise program